Age of Kings unit translations. This is just for fun, my research into the history and translations was brief. Britons Villager, MilitaryIngame - Modern - (Origin) Yea? - Yes? (Middle English) Yis (pronounced Eos) - Yes (Middle English) Mandatum? - Command? (Latin) Redy - Ready (Middle English) Gretinge - Greeting (Middle English) Correctus - Correct (Latin) Ic wille - I will (German) Chopper (English) Gatherer (English) Huntere - Hunter (Middle English) Fisc - Fish (Old English) Ferme - Farm (Middle English) Dic - Dig (Middle English) Dich - Ditch (Middle English) Byldinge - Building (Middle English) Restaurare - Restore (Latin) Fight! - Fight! (Middle English) Bataile! - Battle! (Middle English) Monk / King Ain? - Yes? Salve - Hello (Latin) Presto - I'm ready Impero? - I command? / Control? (Latin) Sane - Certainly / Course (Latin) Correctus – Right / Reformed (Latin) Ago - I do / Thanks (Latin) The Oxford English Dictionary specifies the period when Middle English was spoken as being from 1150 to 1500. The words used by the Britons in-game make this one of the most accurate languages depicted in Age of Empires 2. Although the language may have been very different in western and northern Britain, and the monks and kings speak Latin. Certain words may have had slightly different meanings then as they did now, even if they sound the same. In the later era of the Age of Empires 2 timeframe (1300 - 1500's) the word ferme would have meant "fixed payment" perhaps relating to a plot of rented land. As time went on ferme seems to have mixed with other latin words to become farm, and only in recent times took on the meaning of a plot of land dedicated to agriculture. Byzantines In-game - English Ain? - Yes? Impero? - I command? Presto - I'm ready Salve! - Hello! Correctus - Right Ago - I do Sane - Certainly Caedo - I cut [tree] Pabulo - I forage Venatus - Meat, hunter Capto - I catch [fish] Colo - I cultivate Fodio - I dig/extract Condo - I build Reficio - I repair Deleo! - I destruct! Comittam! - I will commit! Comita! - (You) Follow! Pugno! - I fight! Porro! - Forward! An AOE2 wiki notes: "While historically Byzantines spoke Medieval Greek, Byzantine units in-game speak medieval Latin." Celts In-game - English - [Pronunciation] For-ghaire - What? [For wair] Ar Lámh - On hand / ready [Air lav] Quid? - What? [Kwid] Quia? - Why? [Kia] Ceart - Right [Cart] Bíd fíor - That's right [Bij fia] Togh - Okay [Tao] Buanaid - Lumberjack [Boonij] Feodaige - Gatherer [Fear-da-ga] Sealgaire - Hunter [Sy-ga-ra] Iascaire - Fisher [E-scar-eh] Treabhach - Literally 'Ploughing', farmer [Treba] Mianaige - Miner [Me-an-a-geh] Ráth Bouige - Builder [Rab-we-geh] Fear a bnodhege - Working man [Far a nudha] Don Chath! - To battle! [Don cat] Taoubh cuideachd! - This way troops! [Tao caid] Ho! - Go! Running these through Google Translate detection returns Irish, Scots Gaelic, and Latin. Wikipedia includes mentions of Welsh, Breton, Manx, Cornish, and Gaulish among others on the page for Celtic languages. The Celtic peoples lived in many parts of Europe during Roman times, but are noted in the Age of Empires 2 history section as "500 to 1500" when Celtic culture had mostly become restricted to Ireland, western and northern Britain, and Brittany. The AOE2 wiki lists the Celt unit speech as Irish Gaelic. Chinese In-game - English Shénme? - What? Hao - Good Xíng - Yes Zunmìng - Affirmative Zhèngquè - Correct Wéi? - What? Fúcóng mìnglìng - I'll follow your order Hézhong mìnglìng? - What order? Zhunbèi jiùxù - Ready Fámù gong - Lumberjack Liángcao zhengshou rén - Gatherer Lièrén - Hunter Yúfu - Fisherman Nóngfu - Farmer Kuànggong - Miner Jiànzhú gong - Builder Xiuligong - Repairer Zuòzhàn! - Fight! Shì - Yes Jìngong! - Charge! Gongjí! - Attack! Listed in the Age of Empires 2 history as 581 to 1644, this would encompass many varieties of spoken Chinese languages across many regions, including Early Middle Chinese of 600 AD, Late Middle Chinese of 1000 AD, and Early Mandarin (12th to 14th centuries). Although one user comments that the Chinese units "speak 100% modern Mandarin." In the 1900's the governments of China made continuous efforts to form a standard language. Some 54% of speakers of Mandarin varieties could understand the standard language in the early 1950s, rising to 91% in 1984. Franks In-game - English Oé (male) Que (female) - Yes? / What? Que fais? - What shall I do? Prêt - Ready Que y'a? (male) - What's up? Verax - Truly Certes - Surely L'y vais - I go there Oïl - Yes Que lier? - What is your order? Bûcheron - Woodcutter Maraud - Scavenge Chasseur - Hunter Pecheur - Fisher Villain - Peasant Mineur - Miner Bâtisseur - Builder Artisan - Craftsman Assault! - Assault À la bataille! - To battle! Montjoie! (Battle cry) Montmirail! Que valié? - What do you want? All Frankish units speak Medieval French / Middle French, except from Monks, as they speak Medieval Latin. The exact meaning of the battle cry "Montjoie!" seems to have been lost. Goths In-game - English Ja? - Yes? Heisse? - Order? Bereyte - Ready He, ja - Why, yes Reyte - Right Das ich soll - That I shall Des ware - Truly Holza - To cut wood Holzer - Lumberjack Jägere - To hunt Fischere - To fish Suocha - To seek, gather Gebuure - To go farming Houwa - To quarry, cut Buuwere - To build Flickmann - Repairer Se stöörme! - Storm them! Sassa! - To battle! Striitet! - Fight! The Goths have the same unit speech as the Teutons. An AOE2 wiki notes: "In-game, Gothic units speak classical Old or Middle High German, which is also spoken by the Teutons. Historically, however, they spoke their very own Gothic language, which was related to Old Norse and Old High German, and was spoken between the 4th century and became extinct near the 8th or 9th century." The AOE2 history notes their timeframe as 200 to 714. Japanese General:In-game - English Hai - Yes Ii yo - Alright Nani? - What? Watashi? - Me? Ore? (male) - Me? Nan da - What is it? Hai, hai - Yes, yes Ikimasu - I go Wakarimashita - Understood Gyoi ni - As you like Ha! - Yes! Gomeirei wo - Give me orders Ōse no tōri - As you say! Iza, Shōbu! - Now, to the battle! Shōchi - I understand Iza! - Prepare yourself! Ki wo kirimasu - I cut a tree Shūkaku shimasu - I gather Kari wo shimasu - I hunt Sakana wo torimasu - I catch fish Tagayashimasu - I cultivate Horimasu - I mine Tatemasu - I build Naoshimasu - I repair Ike! - Go! Ikusa ja! - War! Monk: Nan naritō - As you wish Yō kana? - How can I be of use? Nan jana? - What is it? Tadaima - At once Mairi mashō - I'm coming King: Kurushu nai - Don't hesitate Nan ja? - What is it? Nozomi wa? - What is your wish? Nani yō ka? - What is this regarding? Umu - Yea Sō itasō - I shall do so Mairō - I shall go Yokarō - Very well The AOE2 history lists them as 500 - 1340, which would encompass Old Japanese, Early Middle Japanese (794 to 1185) which would see a significant amount of Chinese influence on the language's phonology, and late Middle Japanese (1185 to 1600) when European words first arrived. In-game, Japanese units speak modern Japanese. The Japanese Monks and King speak old Japanese. Mongols Some of these words had many translations. I've included them all to offer a better sense of their meanings. GeneralIn-game - English Tiim uu? - Yes? Zuitei - 'Correct' (literally - "appropriate") Za za - 'Okay' 'Of course' Belen baina - I am ready Bi bolgoyo - 'I fulfill' 'Let me do it' (literally "Let me make it become") Zahir - Command! Amar mend uu? - 'Hello' 'How are you doing?' 'Everything's fine?' 'Is there peace and serenity?' Tek kim Modchin - 'Lumberer' translates to 'woodworking' Amitan tejeegch - Bad translation, it means 'animal raiser' (literally - "animal feeder") Anchin - Hunter Zagaschin - 'Fisher' Khuduh aj akui erklegch - 'Farmer' (bad translation) Uurhaichin - Miner Barilgachin (pronounced barilagchin) - Builder Zasvarchin - Repairer Tushaal sons - 'Listen to the command!' (Strange translation, because it is an imperative, so it appears that it is the soldier who is telling the player to listen to a command) Belen - Ready Tiim - Yes Tiim ee - 'Yes' 'Of course' Guitsetgey - 'Will do' 'Let's carry it out' Medlee, guitsetgey - 'Got it, will do' 'Got it, let's carry it out' Hurailan davsh! / Khurailan davsh! - 'Advance' (Advance with a "hurray"!) Bayldahnd! - Engage! Uragshaa davshaad! - 'Advance forward!' 'Charge forward!' Monk Soyorchi / Soyorkh"yo - 'I will condescend' Amar mend uu? - 'Hello, how are you?' 'Everything's fine?' Surgahli sons / Surgaal sons - 'Listen to wise words' 'Listen to the doctrine' Za zuite - 'Yes, correct' (literally - "appropriate") Bolgohson uu? - 'Have you done it?' 'Has it been accomplished?' (Have you/I/someone done it?) Bolgoyo / Bi bolgoyo - 'I fulfill' 'Let me do it' Tiim uu? / Tiim ee - 'Yes?' 'Of course' King Тiim üü? - Yes? Amar mend üü? - Everything's fine? Belen baina - I am ready Aildvar sons - Listen to [my] speech (like the soldier and the monk, it is the king who is addressing the player, not the contrary!) Za - Okay (sounds condescending) Tiim ee - Yes / Of course Züi - Decency Bi bolgoyo - Let me do it From wikipedia: "Middle Mongolian was spoken in the Mongol Empire. In comparison to Modern Mongolian, it is known to have had no long vowels, different vowel harmony and verbal systems and a slightly different case system." The ageofempires wiki notes "In-game, Mongol units speak the Khalkha variety of Mongolian, the most widely spoken of the Mongolic languages and the official language of modern-day Mongolia." It also notes that the translation for farmer was done badly, adding "notice that Mongols have never truly practiced agriculture until very recent times." Persians In-game - English Ari - Yes Amade - Ready Farman - Order? Salam - Hello Sahih - Correct Mikonam - I'm doing it Chubbor - Lumberer Oulupe jamkon - Gather the harvest Shekarchi - Hunter Mahigir - Fisher Madanchi - Miner Me' mar - Builder Tamir kar - Repairer Hamle! - Attack! Bejangid! - Fight! From my brief research, the unit speech seems to be modern Persian, while the timescale of Age of Empires 2 encompasses the era of Middle Persian, Early New Persian, and Classical Persian. Saracens In-game - English Na'am - Yes Salam - Hello Amron - Orders? Mosta'edon (male) mosta'edaton (female) - Ready Saheeh - True Hassanan - Okay Sa af'al - I will do it Hattabon / hattabaton - Woodcutter Bahithon aan el taam / bahithaton aan el taam - Looking for food Sayyadon / sayyadaton - Hunter Sayyad samak / sayyadato samak - Fisher Muzare'on / mozaare'aton - Farmer Amelo mangam / amelato mangam - Miner Banna'on / banna'aton - Builder Morammemon / morammemmaton - Restorer Hojoom! - Attack! Al quetal! - We'll fight! Al hojoom! - We attack! Much of the timeframe in Age of Empires 2 would mean the units probably speak Classical Arabic, and perhaps Urdu and Persian, although the translations seem to be Modern Standard Arabic. I'd love to be corrected on this though. One player commented: "standard (formal) arabic hasn't changed much in the last millennium (due to the quran using formal arabic), so it makes sense for the villagers to be speaking like this." Teutons In-game - English Ja? - Yes? Heisse? - Order? Bereyte - Ready He, ja - Why, yes Reyte - Right Das ich soll - That I shall Des ware - Truly Holza - To cut wood Holzer - Lumberjack Jägere - To hunt Fischere - To fish Suocha - To seek, gather Gebuure - To go farming Houwa - To quarry, cut Buuwere - To build Flickmann - Repairer Se stöörme! - Storm them! Sassa! - To battle! Striitet! - Fight! Like the Goths, the units in-game speak Old and Middle High German. Turks In-game - English Evet? - Yes? Emrin? - Your command? Hazır - Ready Efendim? - "Sir?", or "My lord?" Doğru - Right Yaparım - I’ll do it Tamam - Okay Oduncu - Lumberjack Seyis - Groom Avcı - Hunter Balıkçı - Fisherman Çiftçi - Farmer Madenci - Miner Usta - Builder Tamirci - Repairer Saldır! - Attack! İleri! - Forward! Allah-Allah! - Warcry The later part of the Age of Empires 2 timeframe would involve Middle Turkic and Old Turkic languages, but the in-game speech seems to be Modern Turkish. Vikings In-game - English Já - Yes Wathothr - What? Buínn (male) / Búin (female) - Ready Hvat? - What? Rétt - Right Allt í lagi - Allright Vil ek - I will Wugurd Timbrhǫggvandi - Lumber-chopping Gagnismaðr - Useful man Veiðimaðr - Hunterman Fiskimaðr - Fisherman Búandi - Steadfast Námamaðr - Gathering man Húsasmiðr - Carpenter Verkmaðr - Craftsman Til bardaga! - To battle! Radi da! Boðorð - Bidding An AOE2 wiki notes: "The language spoken by viking units is Old Norse, the north Germanic/Scandinavian Language spoken by the Vikings. Old Norse is the ancestor of all the North Germanic/Scandinavian languages; Icelandic, Faroese, Danish, Swedish, Norwegian and Norn which was spoken in Orkney and Shetland. Icelandic is by far the closest language to Old Norse." The Conquerors https://steamcommunity.com/sharedfiles/filedetails/?id=1913448085